Russia, said Mongolia stations will break the China project, Lake Baikal or freeze

Selenggehe (the Selenga River) flowing through Mongolia and Russia in the East River, originated in Mongolia territory south of hovsgol Lake, formed by the Ideriin Gol and the West lamulun river confluence, is one of the rivers flowing into Lake Baikal.

Russia repeatedly claimed that Mongolia plans to build hydropower stations will lead to drying up of Lake Baikal, China in Mongolia to build hydropower projects are at risk of forced to freeze.

Foreign media reports in Russia and Mongolia in recent days around the Mongolia during the special meeting to be held on development of hydropower stations in the territory, both sides have reached an agreement, China and Mongolia cooperation immediately freeze construction of hydropower projects, and all assessment is completed, the World Heritage Centre, before making the decision, no longer advancing the implementation of any project.

In November last year during Mongolian President Elbegdorj's visit, the two countries signed a joint statement further development of comprehensive strategic partnership. Mentioned in the Joint Declaration, the two sides agreed to speed up the tawentaole cover, SIBO OBO, coal gas, South to the railways, for the root River hydropower project cooperation. Amount of genhe hydropower station to meet Mongolia 30% of domestic energy needs, so as to reduce the year Russia imported energy lines.

Another a at details is, at Mongolia China Ambassador suhebateer in accept global times interview Shi mentioned, 2014 China President XI access Mongolia during, both reached consensus, China to cast party provides 1 billion dollars excellent buy loan (excellent buy is refers to for tie national political, and diplomatic need, promoted and focus national and area of trade cooperation, used export buyer credit form foreign provides of has must offers conditions, by China import and export Bank hosted of specific loan), One aim of the Mongolian President visited China in 2015 was signed a framework agreement on this item, starting in 2016, on the amount of funds used in genhe hydropower station construction.

Project advance is slow. Last November, when Mongolia extreme cold season, the amount of root River hydropower projects Project Organizer China gezhouba group company, has started construction work on the ground. According to the franchise agreement, Mongolia places the root River hydropower project contract amount of us $ 98.3163 million, including access roads and power transmission, building a duration of 13 months. Amount of projects by the gezhouba genhe (Mongolia) limited investment and construction, two years after the transfer by the Mongolia investment services to gezhouba genhe (Mongolia) limited minutes and 4 pay the full contract price.

Russia Izvestia, on May 24, Mongolia selenggehe (80% River into Lake Baikal) plan to build 3 large hydropower station and its tributaries will be irreversible negative impact the ecological condition of Lake Baikal.

These reports, Russia and Mongolia have built hydropower station on the Baikal Lake, the State has held two rounds of negotiations. Russia Donskoi, natural resources and the Environment Minister has said on many occasions, selenggehe hydropower station construction project and its tributaries there is a huge risk.

According to the global times reported, Russia expert with Mongolia in Ulaanbaatar last March after a meeting on the results of Russian experts is invited to consider the environmental impact assessment protocols. Russia-Baikal reserve Su Dula, head believes that hydropower stations built in Russia may be adversely affecting unique ecosystems in the selenggehe Delta, while hydropower plant will pollute Lake Baikal, affected Russia Buryatia and Irkutsk region inhabitants of drinking water.

Russia vigorously opposed at the same time, also put through various channels in Mongolia ideas of building hydropower stations. Russia said the news, Russia presented by Mongolia laid the Russian grid, or Russia through Mongolia laying gas pipeline proposal. No matter which of the implementation of the above programme, Mongolia, without having to build a new hydroelectric power station.

These global times reported, under Russia's pressure, Mongolia hopes of building hydropower stations in selenggehe is likely to burst.

It is clear that Russia is the proposal, are trying to strengthen Mongolia's energy dependency. Data show that Mongolia 95% more petroleum products and most of its electricity from Russia. Mongolia Government proposed as early as 2011 with funding from the World Bank in building hydropower station on the selenggehe programme, due to the West of the country, North-North and production electricity from Russia imports spent about $ 30 million a year. From Russia to buy power lines not only in limited, and price is increasing.

As sandwiched between two neighbouring land-locked countries of China and Russia, Mongolia was based on its own at the end of the cold war geopolitical situation in "third neighbour" concept. In 2010, the Mongolia State Great Hural (Parliament) adopted a new national security concept, stressed that Mongolia in the balance and its two neighbors of China and Russia at the same time, will strengthen the "third neighbour" foreign policy. In 2015, Mongolia has put forward to be "permanently neutral State" idea.

China is Mongolia's largest trading partner since 1990 to 2014, bilateral trade increased by 200 times, the bilateral trade volume reached 7.3 billion dollars. In recent years, Mongolia has rich mineral resources attracted the eyes of the world. China and globalization think tank (CCG) researcher Chu Yin wrote that, in addition to challenges in international relations, current Mongolia poor continuity and stability of domestic politics, Mongolia adopted a unicameral, every change in Government, the previous Government did not implement the motion to reconsider, which also gives foreign investors including China brought the biggest policy risk.

(Editors: Pan Yi burn UN657)
2016-06-12 22:01:22
Surging

俄称在蒙古建水电站会破坏贝加尔湖 中方项目或冻结

　　色楞格河（Selenga River）是流经蒙古和俄罗斯中东部的河流，发源于蒙古境内库苏古尔湖以南，由伊德尔河和木伦河汇合而成，是流入贝加尔湖的河流之一。

　　因俄罗斯方面反复声称蒙古建造水电站的计划会导致贝加尔湖干涸，中国在蒙古修建的水电项目正面临被迫冻结的风险。

　　有外媒报道称，在俄罗斯与蒙古近日围绕蒙古境内水电站开发问题举行的特别会晤期间，双方已经达成协议，中国与蒙古合作建设的水电项目立即冻结，并在所有评估完成、经世界遗产中心做出决议之前，不再推进任何项目的实施。

　　去年11月蒙古国总统额勒贝格道尔吉访华期间，两国签订了深化发展全面战略伙伴关系的联合声明。联合声明提及，双方商定就加快推进塔温陶勒盖、锡伯敖包、煤制气、南向铁路、额根河水电站项目开展合作。其中的额根河水电站，可满足蒙古国内能源需求的30%，从而降低其每年从俄罗斯进口的能源额度。

　　另一处细节是，当时蒙古国驻华大使苏赫巴特尔在接受《环球时报》专访时提到，2014年中国国家主席习近平访问蒙古期间，双方达成共识，中方向蒙方提供10亿美元优买贷款（优买是指为配合国家政治、外交需要，推动与重点国家和地区的经贸合作，采用出口买方信贷形式对外提供的具备一定优惠条件，由中国进出口银行承办的特定贷款），蒙古国总统2015年访华的目的之一是就这一项目签订框架协议，从2016年开始，把资金用在额根河水电站的建设上。

　　项目推进并不慢。去年11月，正值蒙古国极度严寒之季，额根河水电站项目前期配套工程的承办方中国葛洲坝集团公司，已经在当地启动了施工工作。根据特许经营合同，蒙古额根河水电站项目合同金额为9831.63万美元，内容包括进场道路和输变电，建设工期为13个月。项目由葛洲坝额根河（蒙古）有限公司投资建设，移交后两年内由蒙古投资局向葛洲坝额根河（蒙古）有限公司分4期支付全部合同价款。

　　据俄罗斯《消息报》5月24日报道，蒙古在色楞格河（80%河水注入贝加尔湖）及其支流上建造3座大型水电站的计划，会对贝加尔湖的生态状况产生无法挽回的负面影响。

　　上述报道称，俄蒙两国已就建造水电站对贝加尔湖状态的影响举行过两轮谈判。俄罗斯自然资源与环境部长东斯科伊曾多次表示，色楞格河及其支流水电站建设项目存在巨大生态风险。

　　据《环球时报》报道，俄罗斯专家与蒙古方面去年3月在乌兰巴托召开会议后达成关于邀请俄专家审议环境影响评估结果的协议。俄贝加尔保护区负责人苏杜拉认为，水电站建成可能会对俄境内的色楞格河三角洲独特的生态系统造成不利影响，同时水电站会对贝加尔湖造成污染，影响俄罗斯布里亚特和伊尔库茨克地区居民饮用水。

　　俄罗斯在积极反对的同时，也在通过各种途径打消蒙古建设水电站的想法。俄罗斯《新闻报》称，俄罗斯提出了经过蒙古铺设俄输电网，或者俄罗斯经过蒙古铺设天然气管道的建议。无论实施上述哪个方案，对蒙古而言，都无需建设新的水电站。

　　上述《环球时报》报道称，迫于俄罗斯的压力，蒙古在色楞格河上建设水电站的希望很可能破灭。

　　很显然，俄方的上述建议，都在试图加强蒙古对其能源的依附。有数据显示，蒙古95%以上的成品油和大部分电力来自俄罗斯。蒙古政府最早在2011年提出利用世界银行的资金在色楞格河上建设水电站的方案，因为该国西部、西北部和北部地区的生产生活用电均从俄罗斯进口，每年花费约3000万美元。从俄罗斯购买电力不仅额度受限，且面临价格逐年增长。

　　作为夹在中、俄两大邻国之间的内陆国家，蒙古在冷战结束后基于自身地缘局势提出了“第三邻国”的理念。2010年，蒙古国家大呼拉尔（议会）通过了新国家安全构想，强调蒙古在平衡与中、俄两大邻国的同时，将强化“第三邻国”的外交政策。2015年，蒙古提出了要成为“永久中立国”的想法。

　　中国是蒙古国的最大贸易伙伴国，自1990年至2014年，蒙中经贸增加200倍，双边贸易额达到73亿美元。近年来，蒙古丰富的矿产资源吸引了全球目光。中国与全球化智库（CCG）研究员储殷曾撰文指出，除国际关系方面的挑战外，当前蒙古国内政治的连续性和稳定性较差，蒙古实行一院制，每逢政府换届，都要对上届政府未实施的议案进行重新审议，这也给包括中国在内的外国投资者带来了较大的政策风险。

(责任编辑：潘奕燃 UN657)
2016-06-12 22:01:22
澎湃