End of exam fraud: found in bone conduction spying equipment-University entrance exam, cheating, spy-IT information
2016 college entrance examination is about to begin. "Cheating into the punishment" after the entrance examination for the first time, many districts were the introduction of specific measures to enhance cheat prevention system. Examination discipline this year called "history".
Surging news judgments online search in China, from 2012 to 2015 the country court decision instruments 84 college entrance exam fraud.
Among them, 51 referred to the use of cheating cheating accounted for 60% of the total involved "the immigrants for NCEE" 27, accounting for more than 1/3; another 6 related to exam. Cheating in college entrance examination equipment of high technology and its industry, the courage of the very few public officials involved in fraud, surprising.
Worthy of attention of the relevant authorities is that in the high-tech fraud, a lot of spy equipment is used, hidden and difficult to detect, whose production and sales form a lucrative chain. However, no matter how subtle, the mills of God grind slowly.
Education and public security departments have also attaches great importance to this, injunctions, we are confident that under the strength of the departments concerned to prevent and combat, this year there is a clean and fair, college entrance examination room.
On June 6, 2012, Shanghai East-China model high school test center, each room entrance installed cameras. Oriental IC data
Cheating corrupt judgment up to and has spy equipment
In 2014, the college entrance exam in yushu city, Jilin province, Sun b, candidates spend 5000 Yuan to buy a cheat device. "Including a bone conduction, and a headset. Bone conduction is a flesh-colored plastic, put it in his mouth and external signals come in, I will be able to hear the answer. Headphones are a flesh-colored earplugs than rice big, put it in the ear from the outside fail to see. "Wilson said.
Related judgment shows, Sun b is satisfied with this cheat device, he introduced three sons to buy a set. He agreed and people selling cheating devices and exam results came in, he got on the University line, give them 10000 Yuan.
Online search of journalistic judgment to the surging 84 college entrance exam fraud judgment, 51 were referred to the use of cheating of fraud, accounting for a total of 60%.
Candidates with a cheat device, in addition to the advanced bone conduction, the headphones outside a grain of rice, also has one of the most common-"the Eraser". 1/4 judgment of cheating receiver is explicitly mentioned in the candidates "the Eraser". This kind of cheating in college entrance examination special eraser-like receivers, just click on the button, you can display the answer. In addition, the cheat device referred to in the judgement there is a receiving line of t-shirts, watches and so on.
Surging news notes, cheat for 51 cases of fraud, the defendant was sentenced for buying selling cheating devices to students.
Multiple case, cheating related equipment were identified: in a hidden manner, has a wireless transmitter and receive voice signals, which belongs to the eavesdropping equipment; or hidden-wireless audio receivers, any specialized espionage equipment.
In 51 cases, defendants were found guilty of illegally producing and selling spy equipment of 33%, 17. In addition, accounted for the largest proportion of charges of illegally obtaining State secrets, in 57% (29 cases). 1 have been deliberately leaking State secrets, 2 cases of illegal use of equipment for eavesdropping or secret photographing crime, 1 crime of illegal business operations.
In accordance with the provisions of the national security law, any individual or organization may unlawfully hold, use any specialized espionage equipment such as eavesdropping or secret photographing. Any specialized espionage equipment including hidden eavesdropping or secret photographing equipment is used to get information such as electronic surveillance and intercept equipment.
"Answers in the online search, accurate I don't know"
A college entrance exam fraud in dejiang of Guizhou gang, targeted, detailed division of labor, implementing fraud also make a variety of plans.
Judgments show that in April 2015, new fraud device listed, the gang members on the Internet for 3 transmitters (2800 Yuan each), 200 receivers (270).
Another gang member Ni Mou contact with Yang on the eve of college entrance examination students and parents commitment in college entrance exam answers. They agreed with parents and candidates to buy 2000-5000 Yuan cheating receiver, was accepted by two or more universities, then pay the 15000-18000, depending on their answers.
In other cases, there are charges on a branch, as in the judgment in the case of the hospital in heze city of Shandong, "finish each section to pay 2000 Yuan, the next section answer than not to answer. ”
News according to the surging 51 cheating adjudicative statistics fraud, cheating students buying cheating devices range in price, spend an average of 16,000 yuan.
Before the crime, spent in Dejiang fraud gang 23000 Yuan to buy a privacy scanner, photographed by the exam papers. Equipment and personnel in place, also Scouting sites require enough hidden to prevent police found. The gang eventually selected a 20-storey building as a launching point, and random channel debug to ensure candidates received answers.
College entrance examination started on that day, gang members of more than one male candidates put the scanner in the belt brought into the examination room. Examination came through the scanner, "Gunners" were played. Answers will be in about half an hour after the exam, passed outside the transmitter to students cheating on the receiver.
"Gunmen" is outside the examination room to answer man, corrupt groups use them to make "an answer" to the candidates. Changchun high-tech zone in 2014, according to a judgment of the Court: "the Gunners" were adopted by the corrupt gang tutor advertising for beforehand they will also do a test between the Gunners and see who answers fast and accurate; "several papers about 5 minutes before the exam starts, tallying about 25 minutes after the test".
However, photographed by the scanner to enter the examination room examination papers are also at risk. In Dejiang of the fraud case, and subsequently failed to received the paper from the scanner in the examination room, corrupt gangs had to purchase exam answers transmitted via the Internet, "the first day after the exam, candidates reflect the accuracy of answers, have demanded their money back."
In fact, the answer is not guaranteed on the Internet, such as in the Changchun Intermediate Court ruled in another case, Wang unrepaid loans a statement, "the answer I found on the Internet, accurate I don't know".
In addition to looking for gunmen and buy online fraud gang programme--there is another way to get answers to the teachers.
Cheating "markets", there are many teachers of shadow. 2013 oil of panjin city in Liaoning province has 8 teachers in high college entrance exam fraud involved, including two distinguished teachers of high schools. In this case, participate in some education and training school headmaster Yue, his role is to help link the appropriate "Gunners" teacher, you can get the paid 80,000 yuan. Yue organization, found the right teacher.
Cheating was formed to manufacture, wholesale, distribution chain
Judgment shows, equipment sales and formed an industrial chain of fraud, manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors, layers of fare increases, and gain amazing.
In yangxin County, Hubei Province, in a judgment of the Court, in May 2014, Wang 2000/set, 200/a song the price to sell transmitters and Eraser-type receiver. Then the song in 3300 RMB, 480 Yuan//price, to a sale. A 3500/, 480 Yuan/price to the clock and weekend sales. Bell, Tuesday ended at 15500/set price sale to students Eraser-type receivers and answer.
Liaoning panjin City Intermediate Court ruling, only during the college entrance examination in 2014, Wu, Deng unrepaid loans and others sell exam cheating devices and answers more than 100 sets, collecting money more than 1.58 million Yuan, plus the early collection of the equipment and deposit more than 1.5 million Yuan, total illegal profits of more than 3 million Yuan.
Wholesalers will corrupt the device sold through advanced logistics to the nation. Hubei shayang County according to a judgement of the Court, in June 2009, Wang and Yu hao Emperor electronic technology limited company established Guangzhou, sales has subtle features such as camera equipment. After the company purchases from other sellers, direct sales, network marketing, logistics and delivery of the above-mentioned equipment sold to customers all over the country. By 2014 the incident, the company sells the above-mentioned equipment purchase price amounts to more than 30 million Yuan, Wang and a profit of more than 6 million Yuan and more than 2 million Yuan respectively.
Hubei jingmen stores a copy of the decision to disclose the production chain of cheating devices: Liu Yang a cheat, Baoan district, Shenzhen, in partnership with equipment, Yang is responsible for providing funds, technology, Liu is responsible for production and sales, profit divided 55; use of imitation brand cheat devices of the drawings, purchase raw materials from the electronics market in Shenzhen, electronic OEM manufacturers. May 2012 to May 2013, Liu and Yang of cheating in equipment sales amounted to more than 2 million Yuan.
Manufacturers, in cooperation with teachers selling cheating devices
Under considerable profits, cheating cheating in equipment sales companies for the development of the candidates tried to.
In yushu city of Jilin in one part of the Court judgment, cheating equipment manufacturers, in order to expand enrollment, development like MLM downline.
"This woman said, if you can contact a few people, I'll let you (cheating in equipment and the answers) are not free, and every contact a candidate, if the candidates with cheating, and 1000 Yuan. "Witness e said.
Even more serious is that cheating device sellers also work with teachers. In 2013, panjin city, Liaoning province, the college entrance examination, cheating equipment manufacturers, Wu, Deng unrepaid loans and Director for oil three years, Tang agreed: "Don so contact a cheating student Commission 10,000 yuan."
Judgment finds that in 2014, the college entrance examination, Tang is responsible for 12 class, cheating teachers present classes needed by the class teacher candidates ' names and parent contact information on mobile phones and send Wu, Wu to contact parents and told price, allow parents to pay a deposit of 10,000 yuan. Before the college entrance examination, exam cheating devices and Wu were charged a deposit of more than 1.5 million Yuan.
In order to ensure smooth implementation of cheating, the groups also lobbying attempts to family homes as armed police questions, answers, but ultimately failed. On June 7, 2014, panjin City Public Security Bureau-SEC team police found an exception, the police arrested the gang.
起底高考舞弊:惊现骨传导间谍专用器材 - 高考,作弊,间谍 - IT资讯
2016年高考即将拉开帷幕。作为“作弊入刑”后的首次高考,不少地区都出台具体举措,提升考场作弊防控系统。今年的考场纪律被称“史上最严”。
澎湃新闻在中国裁判文书网上搜索到,2012年至2015年全国各地法院作出的84份高考舞弊案裁判文书。
其中,51份提到利用作弊器舞弊,占到了总数的六成;涉及“高考移民案”27份,占总数超过1/3;另有6份涉及替考。高考作弊设备的高科技及其所形成的产业规模,极少数公职人员参与舞弊的胆量,令人惊讶。
值得有关部门注意的是,在高科技的舞弊案中,大量间谍专用器材被运用,隐蔽而难以察觉,其生产、销售形成了一个暴利链条。不过,无论怎样的隐蔽,天网恢恢,疏而不漏。
而教育、公安部门也已对此高度重视,三令五申,我们相信,在有关部门的强力防范和打击之下,今年必然还是一个公平、干净的高考考场。
2012年6月6日,上海华东模范中学考点,每个考场进门处都安装了摄像头。东方IC资料图
作弊器舞弊判决最多,有间谍专用器材
2014年参加高考的吉林省榆树市考生孙某乙,花5000元买下一套作弊设备。“包括一个骨传导和一个耳机。骨传导是一个肉色硬塑料,把它放在嘴里咬着,外界将信号传输进来,我就能听到答案。耳机是一个肉色的比米粒大一些的耳塞,放在耳朵里从外面看不到。”孙交代说。
相关判决书显示,孙某乙对这套作弊设备很满意,他介绍三姑的儿子也买一套。他和卖作弊器材的人商定,待高考成绩出来,他上了本科线,再给对方10000元。
澎湃新闻从裁判文书网上搜索到的84份高考舞弊案裁判文书中,51份提到利用作弊器舞弊,占到了总数的六成。
考生所用的作弊设备,除了上述先进的骨传导、米粒式耳机外,还有一种最常用——“橡皮擦”。1/4的裁判文书中明确提到考生使用的作弊接收器是“橡皮擦”。这种酷似高考专用橡皮擦的作弊接收器,只需按一下按钮,就可以显示答案。此外,判决书中提到的作弊设备还有带有接收线路的T恤衫、手表等。
澎湃新闻注意到,51份用作弊器舞弊的判例中,被告均因购买作弊器材出售给考生被判刑。
多份判例显示,相关作弊器材经鉴定:具备以隐藏方式使用,具有无线发射、接收语音信号功能,属于窃听专用器材;或系暗藏式无线语音接收装置,系专用间谍器材。
51份判例中,被告被判非法生产、销售间谍专用器材罪的占33%,有17例。此外,占比例最大的罪名是非法获取国家秘密罪,占57%(29例)。另有1例故意泄露国家秘密罪,2例非法使用窃听、窃照专用器材罪,1例非法经营罪。
根据《国家安全法》的规定,任何个人和组织都不得非法持有、使用窃听、窃照等专用间谍器材。专用间谍器材包括暗藏式窃听、窃照器材;用于获取情报的电子监听、截收器材等。
“答案在网上搜,准不准不知道”
贵州德江县的一个高考舞弊团伙,目标明确,分工细致,实施舞弊时还做出多种预案。
判决书显示,2015年4月,新款舞弊设备上市,该团伙成员文某某在网上购买3台发射器(每台2800元)、200个接收器(每个270元)。
另有团伙成员倪某与杨某等在高考前夕联系考生及家长,承诺在高考时发答案。他们与家长约定,考生以2000元-5000元的价格购买作弊接收器,待被二本以上大学录取后,再支付15000至18000元不等的答案费。
其他案例中,也有按科收费的,如在山东菏泽市中院的一例判决中,“每科考完交2000元,给下一科答案,不交就不给发答案。”
澎湃新闻根据51份作弊器舞弊的裁判文书统计,作弊考生们购买作弊设备的价格不等,平均花费为1.6万元。
作案前,德江舞弊团伙中的文某某还花23000元买了一台隐秘扫描仪,用于考场试卷偷拍。设备和人员到位后,还需踩点选址,要求足够隐蔽,以防警方发现。该团伙最终选定某楼20层为发射点,并随机进行频道调试,以保证场内考生收到答案。
高考开始当天,团伙成员余某安排一名男考生将扫描仪放在皮带里带进考场。高考试题通过扫描仪发出来,“枪手”们就该上阵了。答案将在开考约半小时后,陆续通过场外的发射器传到考生的作弊接收器上。
“枪手”是在考场外答题的人,舞弊团伙将他们做出的“答案”发给考生。长春高新区法院2014年的一份判决显示:“枪手”们由舞弊团伙通过家教广告找来,事前他们还会让枪手之间做一次测试,看谁答题又快又准;“文数卷子大概考前5分钟先发过来,理数考试后大概25分钟发过来”。
不过,带扫描仪进入考场偷拍试卷也有风险。德江的这起舞弊案中,由于后来未能在考场外收到扫描仪传来的试卷,舞弊团伙只好在网上购买高考答案传送,“第一天考试结束后,考生反映答案准确率低,纷纷要求退钱”。
事实上,网上的答案并没有保证,比如在吉林长春中院裁定的另一起案例中,王某甲供述,“答案我在网上搜,准不准不知道”。
除了找枪手和网上买,舞弊团伙还有另一种获取答案的方案——向教师购买。
在作弊“市场”中,不乏教师的影子。在辽宁省盘锦市2013年油田三高的高考舞弊案中有8名教师涉案,其中包括两名高中特聘教师。此案中,某教育培训学校的校长岳某某参与进来,他的作用是帮忙联系合适的“枪手”老师,可获得的酬劳是8万元。岳某某组织测试,找到了各科合适的老师。
作弊器形成生产、批发、销售链条
判决书显示,舞弊设备的销售形成了一个产业链条,生产商、批发商、销售商层层加价,获利惊人。
在湖北省阳新县法院的一份判决中,2014年5月,王某以2000元/台、200元/个的价格向宋某销售发射器和橡皮擦式接收器。接着,宋某以3300元/台、480元/个的价格,向方某销售。方某又以3500元/台、480元/个的价格向钟某和周某销售。钟、周二人最终以15500元/套的价格向学生销售橡皮擦式接收器和答案。
辽宁盘锦市中院的一起判决中,仅2014年高考期间,吴某、邓某甲等人就卖出高考作弊设备及答案100余套,收取钱款158万余元,加上前期收取的设备款及定金150余万元,总计非法获利300余万元。
有批发商将舞弊设备通过发达的物流卖向全国。湖北沙洋县法院的一份判决书显示,2009年6月,王某和余某成立广州浩帝电子科技有限公司,销售具有隐蔽摄像等功能的器材。该公司从其他卖家进货后,采取直销、网络销售、物流送货的方式将上述器材卖给全国各地客户。截至2014年案发,该公司销售上述器材的货款共计3000余万元,王某和余某分别获得利润分红600余万元和200余万元。
湖北荆门市中院的一份判决透露了考试作弊设备的生产链条:刘某伙同杨某在深圳宝安区生产作弊器材,杨负责提供资金、技术,刘负责生产和销售,利润五五分成;使用仿某品牌作弊器材的图纸,从深圳电子市场内购买原材料,找电子生产厂家代工。2012年5月至2013年5月,刘某和杨某的作弊器材销售额共计200余万元。
销售商与教师合作推销作弊器材
可观的利润下,作弊器材销售商们为发展作弊考生想尽办法。
在吉林榆树市法院的一份判决书中,作弊器材销售商为了扩展生源,像传销一样发展下线。
“这个女的说,你要是能联系到几个人,我让你(作弊设备和答案)不花钱白用,并且,每联系一个考生,如果这个考生作弊成功,就分1000元。”证人张某戊说。
更为严重的情况是,还有作弊器销售商与教师合作。在辽宁省盘锦市2013年高考中,作弊器材销售商吴某、邓某甲与油田三高高三年部主任唐某某达成协议:“唐某某联系一名作弊学生给其提成1万元”。
判决书认定,在2014年高考中,唐某某负责做12名班主任的工作,由班主任教师将本班级需要作弊考生的姓名及家长联系电话用手机信息的方式发给吴某,吴某再去联系家长并告诉价格,让家长先付定金1万元。高考前,吴某共收取高考作弊设备钱和定金150余万元。
为了保证作弊顺利实施,该团伙还疏通关系试图把一武警家属住宅作为答题、传答案的地点,但最终未能得逞。2014年6月7日,盘锦市公安局网安支队民警发现异常,警方将该团伙一举抓获。