Lost medical books, including the school of Bian Que 60 unearthed from Chengdu Chengdu _ prescriptions | Bian Que | medical books | News

Old Jane unearthed in guanshan nature reserve, between the early books and China's first medical texts at Mawangdui between the inner and 9 medical books are related to physical medicine, both with regard to base, and symptomatic therapy, such as acupuncture, pulse, involving all aspects of medicine, extremely high academic value. --In the historical literature of traditional Chinese medicine researcher and dredging

This unearthed the theory of my past medical books such as the five-color pulse, must be the classic of Bian Que school. Bian Que was doctors ' Patriarch, and is known for routinely. "We shake" in ancient times is the "Bian Que" homophones, so most probably refers to Bian Que, founder of pulse diagnosis method. --Jingzhou researcher Wu Jiabi

Chengdu "old guanshan nature reserve of" Han bamboo slips unearthed from the tomb of more than 920 people support and 50 pieces of inscribed wooden tablet (a total of about 20,000 words), Western Han dynasty bamboo slips was discovered by the Sichuan area, "old guanshan nature reserve of" Han Tomb in this medical heritage and values, has attracted much attention. Identify work is in charge of the bamboo and wooden slips of Jingzhou Center researcher Wu Jiabi, Chengdu University of traditional Chinese medicine traditional Chinese medicine researcher and dredging of the historical documents expert, yesterday an initial interpretation of this batch of bamboo slips: Judging from the unearthed bamboo slips, relate to medicine, surgery, Gynecology, dermatology, facial features, Traumatology, etc, and focused on healing a horse vet. Wu Jiabi noted in particular that this unearthed the theory of my past medical books such as the five-color pulse, must be the classic of Bian Que school. And really represents, unearthed from the points of painted portraits and some found in the prescription, this group of medical value of Jane in the history of medicine, much higher than the Mawangdui medical books.

　　Infra-red "read" from Western Han dynasty bamboo whittled

The head of the archaeological site, Chengdu introduced Deputy Xie Tao, a researcher at the Institute of cultural relics and archaeology, when archaeologists excavated, M1 and M3 respectively 50 wooden slips unearthed from the tombs and more than 920 square bamboo, experts have been unearthed in the conservation and restoration of the Han dynasty, is expected to last for two years. Due to age, words on the bamboo slips cannot be identified with the naked eye, the archaeology personnel in bamboo soaked in distilled water, and through professional infrared Scanning Imaging, decipher some of its content.

From M1 50 pieces of wooden slips unearthed from the tombs, according to preliminary are divided into two broad categories of government instruments and a Voodoo. The wooden slips, writing "... ... Longxi around-the history of ... ... "" ... ... Given there were so many, the count said: the ... ... "" ... ... Both Yi and Zhu Shiqian ... ... "and so on, covering gaozu when it should act to pay tax, and when Emperor Wu" a string of threading a copper coin money ", which provided important information to study the tax system during the Western Han dynasty.

　　Puzzle 1

Separation of the early Western Han dynasty medical Voodoo

In addition to the instruments, there are also special record witchcraft class wooden slips. For example, on the wooden slips engraved with "women want men, Yu c, take----", "-Envoy told tiangong-----three-seven, – said the East – seven times to-die. "Text. According to expert analysis, relating to content should be concerned with women's child and make efforts to avert calamity by offering sacrifices.

Noteworthy is that the inscribed wooden slips of the practice, and M3 in the tombs are separate specialized medical literature unearthed bamboo slips. Expert appraisal meeting held in these days, experts say, old guanshan Han tomb unearthed in Jane, basically no witchcraft, it proves that the Western Han dynasty in early and middle "doctor" "witch" people have marks on the road to independent development of traditional Chinese medicine.

　　Puzzle 2

"We shake" or "Bian Que" true School of Bian Que books

The unearthed bamboo whittled, sparkling is a part of medicine. M3 more than 920 on bamboo slips unearthed in the tombs of two department store, in which a total of 736 (residual Jane), based on the length of bamboo, placement, Jian Wen and overlay order content, can be divided into 9 books. Among them, in addition to the five-color pulse diagnosis, none of the titles. Experts on bamboo slips, conducted a preliminary name for the remaining 8. As we speak-colored veins, the veins of the shakes on the death of Hou said pulse's relationship with illness and death, arising under the 60 names in medicine, surgery, Gynecology, dermatology, facial features, Traumatology and other diseases, pathology of the disease involved and includes Meridian and illness section of the various illnesses waiting ... ... Plus medical book of the horse, is the first vet the books so far unearthed in China.

Wu Jiabi noted in particular that the theory of our past medical books such as the five-color pulse, should be that Bian Que school classic. In his view, Bian Que was doctors ' Patriarch, and is known for routinely. "We shake" in ancient times is the "Bian Que" homophones, so most probably refers to Bian Que, founder of pulse diagnosis method. Fuling, and Weng Cheng Gao Guanghan, appear during the Eastern Han, Guo Yu, features a pulse-medicine faction is the heir of Bian Que was founded. And dredging saying, "if further proof of this medical Jane is the medical theories of Bian Que, meaning quite significant. ”

　　Puzzle 3

Prescriptions than the Mawangdui medical books with more advanced

Bamboo books unearthed from the most significant feature is the very large number of prescriptions and medical theory. Among them, including in the 60 "title Jane," "prescription for Jane" prescription of 60, rich in content. From which the column name, and is also related to internal medicine, surgery, Gynecology, dermatology, facial features, Traumatology and other diseases. Expert analysis, the most recognizable of the 60 herbs have to wind, cold, wet, is likely to be extraterritorial prescriptions of the wind.

The old guanshan Jane, and really, is the largest and most concentrated on the history of medicine and medical science is most closely connected. "Doctor Jane in terms of number, more than 920 Jane, words and Mawangdui, who worked more than 20,000 words in General. From a content standpoint, Mawangdui medical books there are many components of the original, black magic, also dominated by unilateral, experienced component larger. Old Jane unearthed in guanshan nature reserve, between the early books and China's first medical texts at Mawangdui between the inner, 9 medical books are related to physical medicine, covers both bases, and symptomatic treatment, as well as acupuncture, pulse, involving all aspects of medicine, extremely high academic value. "Old guanshan nature reserve of medical recipe for Jane are more mature than the Mawangdui medical books" not just every prescription medicine has increased, there are often four or five ingredients, seven or eight, compared to Mawangdui medical books features one or two more prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine herbs, lots of drugs still in clinical use. "Chengdu evening news photography Teng Yang Wang Haoru

　　Interpretation of section Jian Wen

The theory of us shake: "our past: as many as nine steal five Zang section 12, Chao Qi", "my past: gastro-colored, Lord of veins."

Expert analysis: colors discussion of the relationship between pulse and viscera and disease;

Of the various illnesses waiting: "woman red BEng, Chi-Bai Ban", "gut heat symptom-complex, eating good and hungry, and less gas, stay hungry."

Expert analysis: associated with gynecological diseases and gastroenterology;

The veins die Hou: "pulse must – but died 2nd, upset and abdominal ghost of one devoured by a tiger-die", "[said] to sentence to death, said a second die, three said dead, four Yue-chi died, five said God."

Expert analysis: discussed the relationship of pulse condition and illness and death;

The book of horses: "into a horse bei ... Pharmaceutical filling in nasal "

Expert analysis: is the treatment of equine veterinary books involving rich content. There are also "dance" (that is, "Ma Cao") records that may be related to equestrian.

　　Recorded part of the prescription

"Managing a surname mountain 16 fresh 31 treatment of diabetes treatment SA six," "eight wind: stone resin for seven minutes, Sichuan Pepper for five minutes, wind, asarum every four minutes, five points thick volume, Chen Zhuyu GUI is, ginger six minutes, rule"

(Original title: right, which is why books like the school of Bian Que)

December 18, 2013 Sichuan news network-Chengdu evening news
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成都出土扁鹊学派失传医书 包括60条药方|扁鹊|医书|成都_新闻资讯

　　老官山出土的医简，介于早期的马王堆医书和中国首部医学典籍《内经》之间，而且9部医书都和人体医学有关，既涉及病基，又有症候治疗以及针灸、脉象等，涉及到医学各方面，学术价值极高。——中医历史文献研究员和中浚

　　此次出土的《敝昔医论》《五色脉诊》等医书，应该就是扁鹊学派的经典。扁鹊是医方祖师，且以诊脉闻名。“敝昔”在古代就是“扁鹊”的通假字，因此极可能就是指脉诊法的创始人扁鹊。——荆州文保中心研究员武家璧

　　成都“老官山”汉墓出土的920余支竹简和50枚木牍(共约两万字)，作为西汉时期简牍是四川地区首次发现，“老官山”汉墓的这批医学文物及价值，已引起多方关注。负责此次简牍识读工作的荆州文保中心研究员武家璧、成都中医药大学中医历史文献研究员和中浚等专家，昨日对这批简牍内容进行了初步解读：从出土的竹简内容来看，涉及到内科、外科、妇科、皮肤科、五官科、伤科等，还有重点医治马匹的兽医书。武家璧特别指出，此次出土的《敝昔医论》《五色脉诊》等医书，应该就是扁鹊学派的经典。和中浚则表示，从出土的经穴漆人像以及部分药方中发现，这批医简在医学史上的价值，远高于马王堆医书。

　　红外线“读”取西汉竹木简

　　本次考古现场负责人、成都文物考古研究所副研究员谢涛介绍，考古人员进行发掘时，编号M1和M3的墓葬分别出土了50枚木牍和920余支竹简，文保专家正在对此次出土的汉简进行保护修复，预计历时两年。由于年代久远，竹简上的文字肉眼难以识别，考古人员将竹简浸泡在蒸馏水中，并通过专业红外线扫描成像，解读出其中部分内容。

　　从M1墓葬中出土的50枚木牍，根据内容初步分为官府文书和巫术两大类。这批木牍中，有写“……陇西左右内史一□……”“……赐者众，《算令》曰：诸……”“……皆益加朱十钱以均之……”等，涉及内容应与汉高祖时缴纳赋税的法令和汉武帝时“算缗钱”有关，这为研究西汉时期赋税制度提供了重要资料。

　　解谜1

　　西汉早期 医术巫术已分家

　　除了文书，还有专门记录巫术类木牍。例如，在木牍上刻有“女子视欲得男者，禹步三，□□□取□”、“□遣使告天工下□□□□□三而更为七，皆以□□曰东方□□乡七次，以□死。”等文字。据专家分析，涉及内容应与妇女求子术和禳灾术有关。

　　值得关注的是，这些刻有巫术的木牍，与M3墓葬中出土的专门医学论著的竹简是分开的。在日前举行的专家论证会上，专家们认为，老官山汉墓出土的医简中，基本没有巫术，这也证明西汉早中期“医”“巫”已分家，标志着中医走上独立发展的道路。

　　解谜2

　　“敝昔”即“扁鹊” 确是扁鹊学派医书

　　这批出土竹木简中，最闪亮的当属医学部分。在M3墓葬中出土的920余支竹简分两处存放，其中一处共有736支(含残简)，根据竹简长度、摆放位置、叠压次序和简文内容，可分为9部医书。其中，除《五色脉诊》外都没有书名。专家根据竹简内容，为其余8本进行了初步命名。如《敝昔医论》讲五色脉、《脉死侯》讲脉象与疾病以及死亡的关系、《六十病方》所涉病名包括内科、外科、妇科、皮肤科、五官科、伤科等疾病，《病源》则涉及病理学，《诸病症候》包括经脉和病症部分……还有一部《医马书》，是迄今我国出土的首部兽医书。

　　武家璧特别指出，《敝昔医论》《五色脉诊》等医书，应该就是扁鹊学派经典。他认为，扁鹊是医方祖师，且以诊脉闻名。“敝昔”在古代就是“扁鹊”的通假字，因此极可能就是指脉诊法的创始人扁鹊。而东汉时期广汉出现的涪翁、程高、郭玉等以脉诊为特色的医学派别，就是扁鹊派的继承人所创。和中浚说，“如果能进一步证明这批医简是扁鹊的医学理论，意义相当重大。”

　　解谜3

　　药方多 比马王堆医书更先进

　　此次出土的竹简医书的最大特色就是药方和医病理论数量都很大。其中，在《六十病方》中包括有“题名简”“药方简”，有药方60条，内容丰富。从其中所列病名来看，更是涉及到内科、外科、妇科、皮肤科、五官科、伤科等疾病。专家分析，《六十病方》中大部分可识别药材具有去风、祛寒、去湿的作用，很可能是治外风的药方。

　　此次老官山医简，在和中浚看来，是医学史上数量最大、最集中和医学关系最密切的。“从医简数量来说，920余支简，字数和马王堆医书的两万多字大体相当。从内容来说，马王堆医书的内容有很多原始、巫术的成分，医方也以单方为主，经验的成分较大。老官山出土的医简，介于早期的马王堆医书和中国第一部医学典籍《内经》之间，9部医书都和人体医学有关，既涉及病基、又有症候治疗，以及针灸、脉象等，涉及到医学的各个方面，学术价值极高。”老官山医简的药方也比马王堆医书更加成熟，“不仅每个药方的药味增加了，经常有四五味、七八味，相比马王堆医书的一两味药更有中医方剂的特点，很多药现在仍在临床上使用。”成都晚报记者 滕杨 摄影 王浩儒

　　部分简文解读

　　《敝昔医论》：“敝昔曰：人有九徼五臧十二节，皆鼂於气”、“敝昔曰：所胃五色者，脉之主”。

　　专家分析：关于五色脉与脏腑和疾病关系的论述；

　　《诸病症候》：“女子红痭，赤白半”、“肠瘅，食多善饥而少气，得之饥”。

　　专家分析：与妇科病和肠胃病有关；

　　《脉死侯》：“脉绝如□□，不过二日而死，烦心与腹伥□则死”；“[一曰]刑死，二曰气死，三曰心死，四曰志死，五曰神”。

　　专家分析：论述脉象与疾病及死亡的关系；

　　《医马书》：“尽入马鼻…以药灌鼻中”

　　专家分析：是治疗马病的兽医书，涉及丰富医马内容。此外还有“马舞”(即“马操”)的记载，可能与相马术有关。

　　记载的部分药方

　　“治穨山十六 治鲜卅一 治消渴卌六”、“八治风：石脂七分，蜀椒五分，方风、细辛各四分，厚柎五分，陈朱臾一分，圭十分，薑六分，皆冶合”

(原标题：没错 就是扁鹊学派失传医书)

2013年12月18日04:59
四川新闻网-成都晚报
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