Beijing haze 6 contribution source identification of fossil fuels as the main source | | | contribution _ scientists in Beijing News
Website Beijing December 30 electric (reporter Wu Jingjing) reporter 30th from CAS was informed that, CAs atmospheric physical Institute researcher Zhang renjian topics group and peer cooperation, on Beijing area PM2.5 chemical composed and the source resolved season changes research found, Beijing PM2.5 has 6 a important sources, respectively is soil dust, and coal-fired, and bio mass burning, and car exhaust and garbage burning, and industrial pollution and II times inorganic aerosol, these source of average contribution respectively for 15%, and 18%, and 12%, and 4%, and 25% And 26%.
According to reports, the researchers from 2009 to 2010 121 taken in Beijing urban area in different seasons on Teflon and quartz films PM2.5 samples for analysis, Beijing, four seasons acquired the PM2.5 mass concentration, 29 types of elements, and 8 9 ion total organic carbon inorganic materials such as carbon, explores different seasons affect Beijing's main contribution to PM2.5 sources.
Studies have shown that often has a significant impact on aerosol in spring sand-dust weather, while in fall and winter seasons, Speck and re-suspension of the street from the construction site dust are a major source of soil dust. Coal-fired sources contributed most during the winter months, higher biomass burning contribution source in spring and autumn, in winter and lower in summer. High industrial pollution contributes in the summer and fall seasons. Secondary inorganic aerosol of sulphate, nitrate and other components contributed the highest in spring and summer.
Studies have shown that, for the six main components such as sulphate, nitrate, ammonium, Beijing is the most likely region of origin in the southern region. Air flow from southern Beijing often carry high concentrations of secondary inorganic aerosols and carbon aerosols, Northwest to the column of air contains more carbon and soil dust aerosols. Beijing when a haze occurs, air flow from the South will make secondary inorganic aerosol concentration becomes very large, this may be related to high humidity mist of strong non-reaction as well as strong in photochemical reactions involved.
Researchers said that if coal, industrial pollution and secondary inorganic aerosol combination of three sources, fossil fuel combustion emissions becoming major sources of PM2.5 pollution in Beijing. Provinces around Beijing and rapid development of industrial production will lead to cross-border transport of pollution. Air pollution in Beijing, local governance, need not only to improve the energy structure, but also regional joint prevention and control.
The results have been published in international journals on the atmospheric chemistry and physics. Also participated in the study, including the Ministry of environmental protection in South China Institute of environmental sciences, Institute of Earth environment, CAs, Beijing University, Xian Jiaotong University, and so on.
(Edit: SN091)December 30, 2013 The website(北京雾霾6大贡献源查明 化石燃料成主要来源|北京|科学家|贡献_新闻资讯
新华网北京12月30日电 (记者 吴晶晶)记者30日从中科院获悉，中科院大气物理研究所研究员张仁健课题组与同行合作，对北京地区PM2.5化学组成及源解析季节变化研究发现，北京PM2.5有6个重要来源，分别是土壤尘、燃煤、生物质燃烧、汽车尾气与垃圾焚烧、工业污染和二次无机气溶胶，这些源的平均贡献分别为15%、18%、12%、4%、25%和26%。
据介绍，科研人员对2009年至2010年不同季节在北京城区采集的121对特氟龙和石英膜PM2.5样品进行分析，获取了北京四个季节PM2.5的质量浓度、29种元素、9种离子和8个组分有机碳无机碳等资料，探讨了不同季节影响北京PM2.5的主要贡献源。
研究显示，沙尘天气常对春季气溶胶有重要影响，而在秋冬季节，来自建设工地的浮尘和街道的再悬浮尘是土壤尘的主要来源。燃煤源在冬季贡献最大，生物质燃烧源贡献春、秋季较高，冬、夏季较低。工业污染源贡献在夏秋季节较高。硫酸盐、硝酸盐等组成的二次无机气溶胶在夏季和春季的贡献最高。
研究表明，对于硫酸盐、硝酸盐、铵盐等六类主要组分来说，北京的南部地区是来源可能性最高的区域。来自北京南部的气流常携带较高浓度的二次无机气溶胶和含碳气溶胶，西北向的气团则含有较多的土壤尘和含碳气溶胶。北京发生雾霾时，来自南向的气流会使二次无机气溶胶的浓度变得很大，这可能与高湿度的云雾中较强的非均相反应以及较强的光化学反应有关。
研究人员表示，如果将燃煤、工业污染和二次无机气溶胶三个来源合并起来，化石燃料燃烧排放成为北京PM2.5污染的主要来源。北京周边省份快速发展的工业生产会带来跨境传输的污染。治理北京本地空气污染，不仅需要改善能源结构，还需要区域联合防治。
这一成果已发表在国际期刊《大气化学与物理学》上。参加研究的还包括环保部华南环境科学研究所、中科院地球环境研究所、北京大学、西安交通大学等。
（编辑：SN091）2013年12月30日17:08新华网)