SQL语法总结_mssql学习_编程技术-你的首页-uuhomepage.comSQL语法总结1.按条件读取字段, 定义某个字段只取规定的几个值，或一个值select os.* from blis_order o,blis_orderservice os where o.orderid=os.orderid and o.ordertypeid not in (4, 8, 10, 11) and o.status in ('New','Accepted','Pending-approval','Pending-effective','Pending-correction') and snp.status='Active' and b.entityid=12.去掉重复(互异)的字段distinctselect distinct op.name,op. from blis_chargeactivation ca,blis_orderparameter op where op.mastertype='charge' and ca.chargeactivationid=op.masterid and ca.parentcode like '%NBR Storage Charge%'3.某个字段不可为nullselect os.orderserviceid,os.orderofferid,o.ordertypeid,o.status from Blis_Order o, Blis_Orderservice os where o.orderid=os.orderid and os.orderofferid is not null4.删除满足某个条件的记录delete from blis_bstoffermigplan bsf where bsf.keyid='110206'5.取name_a字段,放入字段别名name_bselect bsf.keyid subcode,bsf.bstoffermigplanid from blis_bstoffermigplan bsf这里取的是keyid字段， 显示的为subcode字段。6.connection rollback commitrollback 就是把在内存中做的行为取消，不持久化到数据库中，commit就是把内存中做的行为持久化到数据库中。7. 在Oracle中使用Dual, Dual是Oracle一个特有的虚拟表, Oracle中很多系统的sequence（序列）,sequence一般和表建立了一一对应关系，但是要编程插入的话，必须手工指定，比如增加条account数据，相应的值插入SEQ_ACCOUNT.nextval，变量和函数都可以通过Dual中获得S: select getdate();O: select sysdate from dual;select SEQ_INTEGRATIONTASK.NEXTVAL from DUAL8.(PK)主键(PK) (for database) 9.排序(数字，字母由大到小)select bsf.* from blis_bstoffermigplan bsf order by bsf.ordertypeid desc10.插入一条记录insert into blis_bstoffermigplan (bstoffermigplanid, entityid, keyid, subioncode, ordertypeid, type, templatecode, currencycode, exceptioncount, lastexception, att1, att2, att3,att4,att5,offercode, status, createdby, creationdate, lastmodifiedby, lastmodifieddate) values (seq_bstoffermigplan.nextval, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?,?, ?, ?,?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?,sysdate, ?, sysdate)11，更新一条记录update offermigplan.db_table_name set entityid=?,keyid=?,subioncode=?,ordertypeid=?,type=?,templatecode=?,currencycode=?,exceptioncount=?,lastexception=?,att1=?,att2=?,att3=?,att4=?,att5=?,offercode=?,status=?,createdby=?,lastmodifiedby=?,lastmodifieddate=sysdate where bstoffermigplanid=? 12.插入数据量比较大的类型clob13.查询日期下列两条语句功能相同select * from blis_account acc where to_char(acc.lastmodifieddate,'YYYYMMDD')>'20050101'select * from blis_account acc where acc.lastmodifieddate>to_date('2005-01-01','yyyy-mm-dd')14找出根据某个字段中的值重复的记录比如找出chargeactivationid 有相同值的blis_usageaccess记录select * from blis_usageaccess where chargeactivationid in (select chargeactivationid from blis_usageaccess group by chargeactivationid having count(*) >1)USAGEACCESSID CHARGEACTIVATIONID SERVICEACCESSCODE 292518 148701 AUDIO-BROADCAST@ 292517 148701 VOIP@ 292516 148701 CALLIN-DID@ 292515 148701 CALLBACK-INTL@ 292512 148701 CALLIN@ 292513 148701 CALLIN-TOLLFREE@ 292514 148701 CALLBACK@ 292478 147945 AUDIO-BROADCAST@ 292477 147945 VOIP@ 292475 147945 CALLBACK-INTL@ 292476 147945 CALLIN-DID@ 292472 147945 CALLIN@ 15.通过查询获得某个字段的合计值，如果这个值位null将给出一个预设的默认值select nvl(ob.bookingvalue，0) bookingvalue from blis_order o, blis_orderbooking ob where o.orderid=ob.orderid and o.orderid =125034 and ob.bookingtypeid = 215 and ob.status = 'Active'这里关心nvl的用法，nvl（arg,value）代表如果前面的arg的值为null那么返回的值为后面的value16.知道一个column的名字，但不清楚它属于哪张table时，可以使用select * from user_col_comments ucc where ucc.column_name = 'column_name' 比如： select * from user_col_comments ucc where ucc.column_name = ‘ORDERID’ 就会查出一系列有ORDERID字段的表。17.遍历两字段排列select (pf.offername || ' '|| cur.name) offercode from blis_packageoffer pf,blis_currency cur where cur.status='Active' and pf.status='Active'结果如下：offercodea1 b1a1 b2a2 b1a2 b218.条件判断case when pc.provisioningby = 'BPS' then 'True' else 'False' end select sos.Sosorderserviceid, st.sosprovisionticketid, (case when pc.provisioningby = 'BPS' then 'True' else 'False' end) isConnector from blis_sosprovisionticket st, blis_sosorderform sof, blis_sosorderservice sos, blis_packagecomponent pc where sof.sosorderformid = sos.sosorderformid and sos.sosorderserviceid = st.sosorderserviceid and sos.status = 'Active' and st.status = 'Active' and pc.tagname(+) = st.servicetag and pc.provisioningby and sof.sosorderformid = 10478919. pc.tagname(+) =st.servicetag当pc.tagname存在值，st.servicetag不存在值的话，记录也可以检索出来。20.让表可以手工编辑select rowid,st.* from blis_sosprovisionticket st where st.sosprovisionticketid=102508 用classes12.zip 还是会抛出classNotFoundException：oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver，换用class12.jar就正常了,classes12.zip 或class12.jar是JDBC oracle驱动类创建数据库：查看所有表: select * from dba_all_tables查看所有用户: select * from all_users查看所有DBA用户:select * from dba_users 创建role :create role BLIS_ADMIN_ROLE;创建新用户:create user username identified by password 授予表空间使用权：grant resource to username授予创建表权限：grant create table to username授予连接数据库的权限：grant create session to username 查看所有表空间: select * from dba_tablespaces把任何表授予某用户: grant create any table to BLIS_ADMIN_ROLE;授予某用户检索功能:grant create any index to BLIS_ADMIN_ROLE;授予某用户对某表有检索，插入，更新，删除功能:grant select, insert, update, delete on BLIS_ACCAGENCYCOMMISSION to BLIS_ADMIN_ROLE;导出数据库：比如: exp blis/blis@dbls full=y file=d:1.dmp 连接ORACLE数据库的字符串格式是 jdbc:oracle:thin:@主机:端口:SID 注意是SID 而不是数据库名SID不对的话会抛出异常：java.sql.SQLException: Io 异常: Connection refused(DEION=(TMP=)(VSNNUM=153092352)(ERR=12505)(ERROR_STACK=(ERROR=(CODE=12505)(EMFI=4))))